The Science of Reading:

Supporting all the Strands of Scarborough's Rope

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High-quality instructional materials must help all students become strategic and skilled readers. That’s why Great Minds® materials are built on the foundation of the science of reading, a vast body of scientific research that demystifies what works and what doesn’t when it comes to teaching students how to read.

We’ve compiled a host of resources that offer insights and strategies on how to lead through the instructional shifts that the science of reading requires to help students succeed in the classroom and beyond.



Research Spotlight:

The Relationship Between Background Knowledge and Reading Comprehension

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Beyond Reading Foundations:

The Science of Reading, Why It Matters, And What It Means For Your Students

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Free Webinar for Educators

Cracking Open The Science of Reading

Strategies for Equitable Reading Instruction with Geodes

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The Key to Literacy Success

When students learn new information, their brains look for ways to connect what they’ve just learned with what they know already. Background knowledge enables students to read and understand texts and build strong vocabulary. As their lexicon grows, they can dive more deeply into a topic and generate more ideas about it through writing. This experience not only helps them build more knowledge but improves the clarity of their communication. Students are better equipped to develop sophisticated thinking and writing skills as they encounter rich knowledge from multiple sources and diverse perspectives.

Read the full research in our primer (available in English and Spanish) on how knowledge building can help students become better readers and writers. 

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Learn how we curate exceptional core texts rich with content that piques curiosity, represent grade-level complexity, and showcase diverse perspectives.

Reading Guide: Voices from the Community

Read about insights from the Great Minds community of curriculum experts, teachers, and leaders as they share their knowledge and perspective on the science of reading. Find inspiration and guidance from the following research briefs, blog series, implementation stories, and more.

The Winning Trifecta

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Foundational Skills + Geodes + Wit & Wisdom =
Proficient Readers, Writers, Speakers, and Listeners

Wit & Wisdom's research-based approach allows students to build both skills and knowledge by developing their reading and writing skills and expanding their vocabulary. Paired with an explicit, systematic foundational skills program, Geodes books allow students to practice their phonics and decoding skills while building enduring knowledge for a deep learning experience.

Learn how Wit & Wisdom, Geodes, and foundational skills programs work harmoniously together to support evidence-based literacy instruction.

Read the White Paper

Supporting Developing Readers

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Phonics-Based Reading:
Helping Emerging Readers Build Knowledge

From the very first page of their very first book, every reader should build knowledge of the world around them while practicing foundational skills. To successfully tackle reading comprehension, high-quality phonics-aligned reading experiences should both cement a child’s decoding abilities and spark interest about the topic and stories students engage with as they learn to read.

Read more about how emerging readers can pick up critical foundational skills while also building knowledge of the world around them.

Read the Research Brief

Read the Latest Science of Reading Posts on the Aha! Blog

From Workshop to Wit & Wisdom

In this blog post, Portland Public Schools teacher Teri Joseph shares her journey from teaching reading and writing workshops to adopting Wit & Wisdom® as a part of the shift to a more structured...

Wit & Wisdom Rises to the Top in Thoughtfully Crafted Curriculum Pilot

The time had come in Westside Community Schools (NE) to search for a new K–8 English language arts curriculum. With new state ELA standards in place, several materials contracts up for renewal, and a...

Two Implementation Leaders Applaud Growing Movement to Teach Phonics and Build Background Knowledge

Congratulations to Wit & Wisdom implementation leaders Megan Faughnan and Jessica Boisen, whose article on teaching reading to students with learning disabilities (TEACHER VOICES: Help may finally be...

The Sentinel Highlights Praise of Wit & Wisdom® and Science of Reading

The Sentinel in Aurora, Colorado recently featured Wit & Wisdom® in an education article spotlighting efforts by teachers in the state to shift to instructional resources aligned with the science of...

Literacy Knowledge: The Relationship Between Reading and Writing

The Humanities team at Great Minds® stays updated on the current scientific research on literacy. We bring research to life in our curricula and make research accessible to educators in our blog...

Examining Scarborough’s Rope: Literacy Knowledge

Scarborough’s Reading Rope provides a model for understanding the components of skilled reading. This blog series examines each of the strands of the Language Comprehension half of the rope and how...

All Students Can Develop Strong Verbal Reasoning

This Month’s Focus  The Humanities team at Great Minds® stays updated on the current scientific research on literacy. We bring research to life in our curricula and make research accessible to...

Examining Scarborough’s Rope: Verbal Reasoning

Scarborough’s Reading Rope provides a model for understanding the components of skilled reading. This blog series examines each of the strands of the Language Comprehension half of the rope and how...

Examining Scarborough’s Rope: Language Structures

Scarborough’s Reading Rope provides a model for understanding the components of skilled reading. This blog series examines each of the strands of the Language Comprehension half of the rope and how...

The Quintessential Science of Reading Playlist

M&L Love Literacy_final logos_COLOR copyPowered by Great Minds, the Melissa & Lori Love Literacy Podcast helps teachers learn about the science of reading, knowledge building, and high-quality curriculum. There are hundreds of episodes to choose from, and we've spotlighted a few must-listen episodes that cover important literacy topics, from phonics to fluency to knowledge building and everything in between. Preview the episodes below and listen to the full playlist.

The Quintessential Science of Reading Playlist

M&L Love Literacy_final logos_COLOR copyPowered by Great Minds, the Melissa & Lori Love Literacy Podcast helps teachers learn about the science of reading, knowledge building, and high-quality curriculum. There are hundreds of episodes to choose from, and we've spotlighted a few must-listen episodes that cover important literacy topics, from phonics to fluency to knowledge building and everything in between. Preview the episodes below and listen to the full playlist.

Emily Hanford Epically Defines the Science of Reading

Emily Hanford addresses the misinterpretation of the term and what it really means. She shares thoughts on teacher prep programs and where teachers get knowledge about what or how to teach, contemplates why teacher prep programs are not preparing teachers to teach kids how to read, and how curriculum plays a role in helping teachers who do not know the science of reading.

The Little Things Teachers Do Every Day Are Actually Big Things

Kristin Poppens teaches kindergarten in Iowa and is just learning about the science of reading. She's applied evidence-based, self-taught practices for less than six months, and her students reached end-of-year benchmarks with 100% success rate. Kristin's district uses Units of Study as a core curriculum—but now that Kristin knows better, she's doing better for her students.

Kindergarten Team Reaches Nearly 100% Success Using Evidence-Based Practices

Kristin Poppens returns to the podcast to share the power of teacher teamwork and collaboration.  Her Kindergarten teammates and Speech Language Pathologist (SLP) join her to explain how they use evidence-based practices to reach 100% success for every single student because all means ALL.

Two Literacy Icons on the Standards, Assessment, & Data

Meredith Liben and Sue Pimentel share the true intentions of the CCSS vs. how they are currently interpreted. They also provide observations about how the Standards play out in classrooms and schools with HQIM and what happens in the absence of HQIM. 

Australian Teacher Lays the Foundation of Reading Science

James Dobson is an educator who has been teaching for more than a decade in Australia. He has worked as a classroom teacher,  lead teacher,  literacy learning specialist, and principal. On this episode, he discusses his blog post titled Laying the Foundations, One Teacher’s Journey. James illuminates his journey with the science of reading on his blog, Laying the Foundations.

Sonia Cabell on the Importance of Content-Rich ELA Instruction

Dr. Sonia Cabell, Associate Professor at Florida State University, shares the importance of both oral language and content knowledge instruction. Why? Oral language skills underlie our ability to comprehend text. At the same time, the knowledge we bring to a text is THE key determinant of how much we understand that text. This episode speaks to the entirety of Scarborough's reading rope. 

Reading is Rocket Science with Louisa Moats

Why is teaching reading so important? Melissa and Lori have a conversation with Louisa Moats grounded in this article: Teaching Reading is Rocket Science: What Expert Teachers of Reading Should Know and Be Able to Do. Moats asserts that 95% of students can learn to read when taught to do so using evidence-based practices. In this episode, listen as they discuss and define the term science of reading while connecting decades of research and theory to classroom practice. 

Re-thinking the Reading Rope with Nell Duke

In this episode, Nell K. Duke discusses her articles, The Science of Reading Progresses (co-authored by Kelly B. Cartwright) and The Science of Reading Comprehension Instruction (co-authored by Alessandra E. Ward, P. David Pearson), and unpacks how the science of reading has progressed over the last 20 years, moving beyond the simple view of reading. Tune in to hear how the research around the nature of comprehension has evolved and for strategies to support students’ reading development.

See how our curricula leverage a similar learning design to help students build enduring knowledge.